nes in a re realistic way .” “在文艺复兴时期，新的思想和价值观取代了中世纪的那一套，人们开始更关心人而不是宗教。画家们回到罗马、希腊的艺术理论上。他们尽心地画出人和自然的真实面貌。富人们想为自己的宫殿和豪宅收藏艺术品，他们高价聘请艺术家来为他们画画，画他们的房屋、活动、还有成就。” “Durin the Renaissance ， new ideas and values radually replaced those held in the Middle Aes. People bean to concentrate less on reliions thes and adopt a re hunistic attitude to life. At the sa ti painters returned to classical Ron and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintins ，so they could decorate their superb palaces and reat houses. They paid artists to paint pictures of theelves， their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievents.” “在这个阶段，最重要的发现之一是如何使用透视法来画出事物的形象。在1428年，马萨乔成为第一个在绘画中使用透视方法的人，当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小孔，来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果，没有透视法，人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画，在文艺复兴时期，油画也得到了发展，它使得色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。” “One of the st iortant discoveries durin was how to draw thin in perspective. This technique was first used by Massacho in 1428. When people first saw his paintins ， they were convinced that they were lookin throuh a hole in a wall at a real scene . If the roles of perspective had not been discovered， no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. Without the new paints and the new technique， we would not able to see the ny reat sterpieces for which this period is faus. Durin the Renaissance ，the oil paints were also developed ，which de the colour looks richer and deeper .” “印象派后期从19世纪后期到20世纪后期，这段时期欧洲发生了很大的变化，从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入城市，有着许多的新发明，还伴随着许多的社会变革。这些变革也自然而然在导致了绘画风格上的变化。那些打破传统画法的人是在巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。” “In the late 19th ceentury， Europe chaned a reat deal. Froa stly ariculture society to a stly industrial one. Many people ved frothe countryside to the new cities. There were ny new inventions and social chanes. Naturally ，these chanes also led to new paintin styles. An the painters who broke away frothe traditional style of paintins were the iressionists， who lived and worked in Pari